基本信息
| 标准名称： | 高压线路柱式瓷绝缘子 |
| 中标分类： |
电工 >>
输变电设备 >>
绝缘子 |
| 替代情况： | 部分被GB/T 1001.1-2003代替;标准内容已被GB/T 21206-2007 涵盖。 |
| 发布日期： | 1996-11-07 |
| 实施日期： | 1997-07-01 |
| 首发日期： | 1900-01-01 |
| 作废日期： | 2008-05-01 |
| 归口单位： | 全国绝缘子标委会 |
| 出版日期： | 1900-01-01 |
| 页数： | 11 页 |
适用范围
没有内容
前言
没有内容
目录
没有内容
引用标准
没有内容
所属分类： 电工 输变电设备 绝缘子
【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforAquaticToxicityTestingofLubricants:SamplePreparationandResultsInterpretation
【原文标准名称】:润滑剂水中毒性试验的标准实施规程:样品制备和结果判断
【标准号】:ASTMD6081-1998(2009)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:1998
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D02.12
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:aquatictoxicity;ecotoxicity;effectload;incidentload;lethalload;lubricant;mechanicaldispersion;wateraccommodatedfraction(WAF);watersolublefraction(WSF);Aquatictoxicity;Lubricants;Toxicity/toxicology--petroleumproducts;Wateranalysi
【摘要】:Thispracticegivestechniquestouseinthepreparationoflubricantsorlubricantcomponentsforacuteorchronicaquatictoxicitytests.Mostlubricantsandlubricantcomponentsaredifficulttoevaluateintoxicitytestsbecausetheyaremixturesofchemicalcompoundswithvaryingandusuallypoorsolubilityinwater.Lubricantsorlubricantcomponentmixturesshouldnotbeaddeddirectlytoaquaticsystemsfortoxicitytestingbecausethedetailsoftheadditionprocedurewillhavealargeeffectontheresultsofthetoxicitytest.Useofthetechniquesdescribedinthispracticewillproducewell-characterizedtestsystemsthatwillleadtotestswithmeaningfulandreproducibleresults.Thetoxicityofmixturesofpoorlysolublecomponentscannotbeexpressedintheusualtermsoflethalconcentration(orthesimilartermsofeffectconcentrationorinhibitionconcentration)becausethemixturesmaynotbecompletelysolubleattreatlevelsthatleadtotoxiceffects.Thetestmaterialpreparationtechniquesgiveninthispracticeleadtotestresultsexpressedintermsofloadingrate,whichisapracticalandmeaningfulconceptforexpressingthetoxicityofthistypeofmaterial.Oneoftherecommendedmethodsofmaterialpreparationforlubricantsortheircomponentsisthemechanicaldispersiontechnique.Thisparticulartechniquegeneratesturbulence,andthus,itshouldnotbeusedforpoorlyswimmingorganisms.1.1Thispracticecoversprocedurestobeusedinthepreparationoflubricantsortheircomponentsfortoxicitytestinginaquaticsystemsandintheinterpretationoftheresultsofsuchtests.1.2Thispracticeissuitableforuseonfully-formulatedlubricantsortheircomponentsthatarenotcompletelysolubleattheintendedtesttreatrates.Itisalsosuitableforusewithadditives,iftheadditiveistestedafterbeingblendedintoacarrierfluidattheapproximateconcentrationasintheintendedfullyformulatedlubricant.Thecarrierfluidshallmeettheabovesolubilitycriterion,beknowntobeminimallytoxicinthetoxicitytestinwhichthematerialwillbetested,andbeknowntohaveachemicalcompositionsimilartotherestoftheintendedfullyformulatedlubricant.1.3Samplespreparedinaccordancewiththispracticemaybeusedinacuteorchronicaquatictoxicitytestsconductedinfreshwaterorsaltwaterwithfish,largeinvertebrates,oralgae.Thispracticedoesnotaddresspreparationofsamplesforplanttoxicitytestingotherthanalgae.1.4Standardacuteandchronicaquatictoxicityproceduresaremoreappropriateforlubricantswithcompositionsthatarecompletelysolubleattheintendedtesttreatrates(1,2,3,4,5).1.5Thispracticeisintendedforusewithlubricantsorlubricantcomponentsofanyvolatility.1.6Thispracticedoesnotaddressanyquestionsregardingtheeffectsofanylubricantorlubricantcomponentonhumanhealth.1.7ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasstandard.Nootherunitsofmeasurementareincludedinthisstandard.1.8Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:E34
【国际标准分类号】:75_100
【页数】:7P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语